One Person Company

A Complete Guide to One Person Company (OPC)

one person company

Companies Act, 2013 introduced the concept of One Person Company in India to promote self-employment and to motivate individuals who are capable of starting a business of their own. The need for two directors in a private limited company is eliminated which aids the entrepreneurs to have total control over their entity, and also enjoying limited liability. A nominee is required to be mentioned in the Memorandum & Articles of Association, who will take over the responsibility of the company in case the original member is dead or incapable by any cause.

Pre-Registration Requirements

  • The person applying for OPC Registration should be a natural citizen and national of India not involved either as a member or nominee of any other such concern
  • To start an OPC minimum authorized capital of Rs 1 lakh can be used while there is no specified minimum amount for paid-up capital
  • The maximum paid-up share capital cannot exceed Rs 50,000 and an average 3-year turnover cannot exceed Rs 2 crore. If so happens, the OPC must be converted into a private limited company

Process of Incorporation

SPICe Form can be used to apply for One Person Company Registration. The procedure involves the following steps:

  • Obtain Digital Signature of Directors and subscribers
  • Apply for DIN in Form DIR-3 with the prescribed documents
  • After the DIN application, Form INC-1 with ROC for name application where you can apply for a maximum of 6 names as per the preference, out of which one would be allocated.
  • After approval of the name following form is to be filed with prescribed documents:
    1. SPICE Form 32
    2. SPICE Form 33 (e MOA)
    3. SPICE Form 34 (e AOA)
  • With the approval of the ROC, the Certificate of Incorporation under Form No.INC-11  is to be issued by the Registrar of the Companies (ROC).

Advantages of One Person Company

  • Limited Liability

OPC registration is an appealing option for any new businessman because the financial liability of a shareholder of any privately owned business is limited to the amount of investment made in the company by him/her.

  • Easy Funding

It is convenient for the owner to approach other financial institutions other than banks because Banking and Financial Institutions give preference to companies over proprietary firms.

  • Perpetual Succession

Nominee gets control over the company if the original owner is not able to discharge his duties due to death and any other eventuality. Therefore, the investment won’t be wasted.

  • Total Control

One can experience complete authority over decision-making and implementation while the firm has been incorporated as a company.

  • Less Compliance

Compliance comparatively lesser than Private Limited Company and there is no requirement for the Annual General Meeting, as the sole director can simply add the resolution in a minute book and sign it.

Compliances of a One Person Company

  • Income Tax and Annual Return: Income tax filing an annual return filing must be completed by all One Person Company before 30th September of each financial year.
  • GST Filing: Under the GST regime proposed to be rolled out in 2017, one person companies having GST registration would be required to file monthly, quarterly and annual GST returns.
  • TDS Filing: Quarterly TDS returns must be filed by one person companies that have TAN and are required to deduct tax at source as per TDS rules.
  • ESI Return: ESI return must be filed by all one-person companies having ESI registration. ESI registration is required once the one person company employs over 10 employees.

It takes approximately 5 to 8 working days to incorporate a One Person Company and it will depend on the submission of relevant documents and the speed of Government Approvals. To ensure the speedy process of incorporation it is recommended to choose a unique name for your Company and ensure you have all the required documents are provided before starting the incorporation process.

Register easily your One person Company with Company Registration Online

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Adarsh Kapoor

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Published by
Adarsh Kapoor
7 years ago